With its lightweight rust-inhibiting materials and ease of maintenance, sling patio furniture is the ideal choice for outdoor chairs, rockers, chaise lounges, and ottomans. Traditionally made with high quality aluminum, these sling pieces are also fitted with top-grade fabrics with built-in UV protection and fade-resistant polyesters. However, with the constant bombardment of heat, humidity, and salt air of south Texas, all materials will eventually wear down. Previous coatings will start to peel, fabrics will become worn and tear, and vibrant colors will fade over time.

Fortunately, Houston Powder Coaters is a one-stop full turn-key operation that offers outdoor patio furniture sling replacement and repair, in addition to the complete recoating of the aluminum. Each piece is individually processed to remove all the previous coating, stripped of any rust or oxidation, and coated with a double application of durable polyester. With over 130 stock colors in-house, matching to a previous set or going with something new could not be easier. Finally, each piece of sling furniture is custom fitted with the highest quality fabrics from the top manufacturers like Phifertex®, Sunbrella®, and Twitchell®.

These breathable and quick-drying fabrics are custom cut, stitched, and tightened for maximum comfort and support. And with several hundred fabrics samples to choose from, the service of outdoor patio furniture sling replacement and repair is a snap. Note that each chair, chaise lounge, and ottoman is tested for strength and durability during the repair and replacement process to ensure the highest level of quality.

Oil platforms, construction sites, and assembly yards are all subject to moisture, grease, oil, hydraulic fluid, and other slippery materials.  While corrosion protection with powder coating is at the forefront when choosing a protective coating, there are other factors to consider when it comes to the gangways, risers, bar grating, and safety handrails around each location. Environmental conditions, such as rain, snow, and sleet, as well as human activities, such as spills, splashes, and run-off, all create hazards no matter how many systems are in place to minimize slippage.

Powder coating safety grating, bar grating, gangways, and safety railing with an anti-slip / anti-skid textured finish will significantly assist in safety concerns due to its unparalleled adhesive grip. In fact, depending on the hazard concern, different formulation of grit size can easily be manufactured. These slip-resistant finishes follow the same fusion-bonded interlinking properties of traditional powder coating, so they are meant to take a beating and last a long, long time.

Traditionally, these grating structures have been made of galvanized steel, aluminum, and carbon alloys. Why not increase their usefulness and longevity by finishing them with a rust inhibitive anti-slip formula as well. Powder coating safety grating, bar grating, gangways, and safety railing is never a problem as Houston Powder Coaters has extensive experience in most every substrate.

Structural steel is a versatile product, and its cost-effectiveness makes it the go-to metal across many industries. Due to its strength and relative lightness, structural steel is consistently used in the construction of buildings, warehouses, hangars, stadiums, and bridges. From elongated beams to large cross-member I-beam supports, structural steel is manufactured in a large variety of shapes, sizes, and gauge strengths. Unfortunately, all structural steel has the same weakness – rust.

In order to provide the best structural steel corrosion protection in Houston, it is important to analyze the exposure and corrosion risk the steel will be subject to. A structural steel bridge over brackish or saltwater bodies of water will face a higher corrosion risk than an internal beam for a residential apartment building. Furthermore, steel fabricated for oilfield equipment will be exposed to corrosive chemical attack and impacts that a commercial awning will not see.

As protective coatings are the first line of defense against corrosion, different industries may require different surface preparation methods, coating systems, and application methods to match the end-use specification. Houston Powder Coaters, in particular, offers several industrial grade coating systems that will protect the steel from intense UV exposure, high impact, or concentrated brine conditions that may assault the coatings. From harsh coastal environments to temperate internal conditions, structural steel corrosion protection in Houston is imperative not only to elongate its functional life, but also to retain its cosmetic appeal.

Fusion-bonded epoxies, oftentimes referred to as “FBE”, are a category of functional powder coatings that offer enhanced corrosion protection for underground & subsea pipelines, valves, and fittings. These thermosetting epoxy powders have a long history of improving operational efficiencies by preserving flowlines & production pipe from aggressive environments and chemical attack.

Pipeclad® is one of the leading product lines within this FBE segment. Previously owned by Valspar, but recently acquired by Sherwin Williams (in 2017), the Pipeclad® FBE line goes by many names – Sherwin Williams Pipeclad®, Valspar Pipeclad®, and Sherwin Williams Valspar Pipeclad®. No matter what it is referred to, Pipeclad’s full inventory of protective and marine coating FBE’s can protect the internal and external pipelines from a host of chemical attack, physical abrasion, and temperature fluctuations.

Moreover, Sherwin Williams Valspar Pipeclad® FBE Applications by Houston Powder Coaters provide exceptional corrosion resistance and layers with other Sherwin Williams coatings for the added benefits of superior adhesion and cathodic disbondment resistance. As these coatings work well with different pipe diameters, wall thicknesses, and application conditions, Houston Powder Coaters can coat the internals and externals of DRL, SRL, or pups spools ranging from 1” to 72” ID without an issue. 

“Anything metal” is a nice way of describing what can be powder coated. With that being said, we still get the question, “so can you powder coat aluminum?” Absolutely! What people often forget is how much we are surrounded by aluminum structures in our daily lives. Take for example the retail shops and restaurants that we frequent. The stress-bearing load of the building is made of cement, wood, brick, and steel.  However, the non-structural elements that keep out the weather, shield patrons from the sun & rain, and allow from easy handling are often made of aluminum. As seen in the photo, this may include the awnings, handrails, window & door storefront curtain walls, gutters, rain spouts, and even the outdoor dining chairs & tables.

Powder coating aluminum offers a highly protective yet aesthetically pleasing metal finishing for a cost-effective building material. Normal wet paint applications will start to fade within a year as opposed to powder coating which holds its gloss level for upwards of 10 years. Not to mention, with a sound anchor pattern created by abrasive blasting techniques, these top-level coatings with contend with heavy traffic and use. In fact, powder coating aluminum is more durable, more chip-resistant, and much more environmentally friendly than its wet coating counterpart.

AAMA, the American Architectural Manufacturers Association, even has a performance standard for the durability and gloss retention of powders up to 10 years. These polyester formulations are suitable for residential and commercial applications as seen on internal and external features. Architects, building owners, and developers should understand what parameters are required for optimal powder performance. If in doubt, please call the experts at Houston Powder Coaters to further explain the processes in its entirety.

In addition to offering good physical and chemical resistance and protection for underground and subsea pipeline service, certain Fusion Bonded Epoxies (FBE), like IFS ERSS 62900 Multi-Purpose Red-61, are also NSF/ANSI 61 Certified. That means that this extremely durable internal coating can also be used for pipe carrying potable/drinking water.

In case you weren’t already aware, NSF International, formerly known as the National Sanitation Foundation, is an independent non-government accredited organization. Although it plays a part in food safety, NSF is usually associated with the standards regarding direct and indirect drinking water additives. Likewise, ANSI, the American National Standards Institute, is a private, non-governmental organization that oversees consensus standards in the United States. 

Both agencies are intertwined so much so that NSF certifications are frequently labeled as NSF/ANSI. As a result, the NSF/ANSI 61 “Drinking Water System” Standard covers the material safety of pipe and pipe related products to ensure that contaminants are not leaching into drinking/potable water.

High performance protection in the world of powder coating is normally associated with engineered formulations that repel caustic environmental conditions. However, it can also simply relate to the incorporation of silver ions into the powder to inhibit the growth and spread of mildew and microbes.

The term “anti-microbial” has everyday connotations related to cleaning agents like Clorox or Lysol. After all, this billion-dollar industry has been successful in having us wipe down our counters on a daily basis. However, what if the surface itself was actively disinfecting itself.  Instead of using a sanitizing alcohol wipe, the surface itself was self-cleaning. Anti-microbial powder coatings use the environmentally responsible naturally occurring element of silver (which has been shown to offer protection against microbes without toxic reactions to humans and animals).

In the healthcare industry, anti-microbial powder coatings are crucial to the health and wellness of a facility and its patients. Medical trolleys and equipment, hospital beds, door push plates, handicap rails, and stair railings can all be powder coated to prevent the spread of hospital infections such as MRSA and E. Coli. With anti-microbial powder coatings, the growth of infectious microbes is inhibited and not allowed to spread. In fact, several of these anti-microbial powder coatings pass ISO22196 and JIS Z 2801 testing standards for efficacy.

So you bought a high-quality outdoor furniture set years ago, and it’s now looking a bit weathered.  A couple of the slings are worn and sagging. One of swivel chairs isn’t turning so well. And the paint is now coming off in flakes. Do you toss it to the curb and buy new?  ABSOLUTELY NOT. 

Whether you have Brown Jordan, Woodard, Tropitone, Winston, or Homecrest Patio Furniture, Houston Powder Coaters (HPC) can refurbish and refinish your outdoor patio furniture in Houston, TX to make it look brand new.  In fact, Houston Powder Coaters is very experienced with and an accredited warranty repair center for many high-end brands:

OW Lee, Suncoast, Mallin, Oxford Garden, Telescope Casual, Oakland Living, Agio, Hanover Outdoor, Meadowcraft, Summer Classics, Brown Jordan, Woodard, Tropitone, Homecrest, Winston, Alfresco Home, Hampton Bay, Style Selections, Sunjoy, Foremost Casual, Leisure Made, Allen & Roth, Darlee Outdoor Living, Carter Grandle, and Hanamint to name a few.

The process of powder coating for industrial, commercial, and even household uses underwent many changes after its inception in the 1940s and 1950s.  Initially, organic polymers or macromolecules were flame sprayed. This process uses high heat to transform the macromolecules into a semi-molten state as it is sprayed directly onto the substrate’s surface. In the 1960s and 1970s, a desire for environmentally friendly coating processes and new application techniques renewed interest in powder coating that resulted in massive growth for the industry. The lack of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the powder coating industry offers a level of environmental and worker safety unseen in liquid coatings. 

Houston is a unique city in that it is home to a myriad of industries that rely on powder coating: petroleum & natural gas, manufacturing, construction, to name a few. However, due to the booming population of Houston and the surrounding areas like River Oaks, West University Place, Memorial, and Sugar Land, powder coating shops need to be diverse enough to cater to these large industrial segments as well as to individuals for smaller one-off projects, like patio furniture and driveway gates.

This wide spectrum of services is accomplished by offering an all-inclusive, full turnkey operation that will make the ‘whole powder coating process’ easier and less expensive (as all the work will be done in-house). Offering “extra services” like media blasting, welding repair, custom packaging, as well as the recovering and re-slinging of patio chairs, ottomans, benches, and chaise lounges allows for a single company to manage the entire process from start to finish. This translates to a much higher level of accountability through internal production reports and daily process updates. With multiple large over-sized ovens, in-house media blasting, and close relationships with over a dozen powder manufacturers in North America, Houston Powder Coaters has developed a process that avoids hiccups and ensures quick and reliable service. In fact, Houston Powder Coaters offers pick-up and delivery of residential powder coating in Houston and the surrounding areas like River Oaks, West University Place, Memorial, and Sugar Land.  Now, that is what you call full turnkey.

Sand blasting is a general term used by those inexperienced with surface preparation to encompass all methods of blast cleaning.  However, the more appropriate phrase should be ‘abrasive media blasting’ as not all methods use sand. In fact, sand is one of the worst medias to blast with and is dangerous to the health of those who use it. During the blasting process, the speed and intensity of the sand’s impact on the metal will cause its particles to break down into a fine silica dust which can infiltrate workers’ lungs (causing health problems such as silicosis and kidney damage). 

Houston Powder Coaters uses steel grit for its abrasive media blasting in Houston, as it does not break down the way other blast media does. Blasting with steel grit is much safer for the environment and the workers that use it. In fact, steel grit is the safest method of abrasive blasting when compared to sand, coal slag, or nickel slag. It is important to mention again that Houston Powder Coaters does not, will not, and has never used sand for any of its blast medias.

Documented in hundreds of articles, powder coating is well known for its environmental friendliness. As steel grit’s reusability means less waste and higher levels of recyclability, this blasting media coincides nicely with the ecological responsibility that the rest of the powder application process employs. While steel grit may cost more upfront than other methods of abrasive media blasting in Houston, TX, the true cost is far less than sand or slag. Sand and slag are single-use medias and must be continually replaced. This translates to additional trucking delivery and removal as well as increased man-hours moving new inventories into place. On the other hand, steel grit can be recycled, filtered, and reused time and time again. Steel grit purchases are significantly less often which eliminates the constant replacement of inventories.

Powder coating has become a huge industry in the few decades since its inception. Used by oil and gas companies, commercial real estate, city sewage systems, and private residents, the needs for powder coating in Houston are vast. Powder coating was invented as a solution to the many problems the liquid finishing industry encountered. From the wet coatings not lasting long enough, harmful release of volatile organic compounds from the liquid solvents, and the high costs of safety and pollution control, liquid coatings have become more problematic in today’s society.

European companies in the 1940s were under pressure to find more environmentally friendly alternatives to liquid finishes, as utilizing flame spraying to melt the coatings onto the metal was immensely dangerous. It was in the 1940s that Dr. Erwin Gemmer came up with a method to fluidize the bed application for thermostatic resins on metal as an alternative to the flame spraying method. This “new” method of powder coating could be applied to new or used parts that were properly cleaned, coated, and then put in a powder coating oven for 2-4 hours. The next 4 decades saw many improvements to Dr. Gemmer’s method and by the 1980’s powder coating in Houston exploded as it was environmentally friendly, produced little waste, and was cost efficient. These days, powder coated items can be cured in as little as 10 minutes (depending on the thickness of the metal), making powder coating pipes, furniture, and other items more efficient than ever.

As stated in many articles before, Houston Powder Coaters abrasively blasts a significant amount of its projects due to its deepest anchor-profiling results. This type of “surface preparation” in addition to the fusion- bonded (heat) interlacing properties of the powder produces the highest-level adhesion. This means that the powder coating in Houston has achieved the highest level of durability with the smallest environmental footprint.

In South Texas, patio furniture is subjected to relentless heat, humidity, and adverse weather. Even furniture built to last can rust and break., and fabric can dry rot. Nothing is more disappointing than planning to spend a day in the beautiful outdoors only to find that the furniture outside is unusable. Professional patio furniture repair can increase the longevity of outdoor seating, tables, and more.

Wrought iron and cast-iron patio furniture are popular options in the south because they are heavy and fade resistant. However, they are susceptible to humidity and can rust. Rust can lead to weak structure which can lead to breakage. Patio furniture repair is an investment in outdoor living, so a company like Houston Powder Coaters that not only repairs your furniture but can protect it from further damage for a long time is essential. Having an experienced welding staff to repair damage, or even replace missing or broken parts will ensure that your furniture is not just repaired but returned to you better than new. HPC is highly experienced in patio furniture repair and will even replace or repair feet caps (and cap with a plastic inserts) so that your furniture is on even footing.

Another popular option in the south is sling patio furniture because it offers the comfort of cushioned seating but is much more breathable.  However, fabric in the south (even fabric meant for the outdoors) will eventually give way to dry rot. Sitting in a dry rotted sling chair is a recipe for a hurt back. Patio furniture repair should be a one stop shop. Have your sling patio furniture powder coated and get the fabric replaced by Houston Powder Coaters in Houston, Texas. Hundreds of sling designs and many-colored coatings make for near infinite options for any design.

FBE internal pipe coating is the preferred coating for many oil & gas companies as well as utility firms for sewage and water transport.  Its superior resistance to corrosion prevents the assault of chemicals onto the conduit thereby reducing the impact of rust from the inside out.  Because FBE coated pipes are abrasion, chemical, and thermal resistant, its suitability for a myriad of applications translates to a popularity that far exceeds other coatings.

The application of fusion bonded epoxy for internal pipe coatings provides long lasting resistance to corrosive materials and distillates.  Furthermore, internally coated pipes provide better flow efficiency due to the reduction in friction between the pipe’s surface and the gas, oil, or water that makes its way through the pipeline.  Moreover, several fusion bonded epoxies offer paraffin wax mitigation to slow down the build-up of the precipitate deposits that hamper these flow rates.

To prep pipes for the internal coating of fusion bonded epoxy, an aggressive media blasting is required so that proper anchor profiles are met to achieve maximum adherence.  A thin layer of phenolic primer is applied and dried before the conduit is placed in the oven to preheat.  Afterwards, the pipe is internally sprayed with the designated FBE to the required millage thickness before going back into the oven to fully cure.

Outdoor Patio Furniture Refinishing In Houston

The outdoors can be rough on patio furniture in Houston. The heat, the humidity, the rapidly changing weather, all take part in making your patio furniture dull, rusty, and old looking. However, it doesn’t have to be that way. Outdoor patio furniture refinishing in Houston provides a long-lasting barrier between your furniture and the elements. Resistant to fading from the sun, rust from the humidity, and more, powder coating outdoor furniture is simply the best option to prolong the life of your possessions. 

Outdoor patio furniture refinishing in Houston is a multi-step process that starts with surface preparation. The shop will take your old furniture and through burn-off, abrasive blasting (fine particles like sand or ground up walnut shells are blasted at the furniture to remove the previous coatings or rust), or hand-etching prepare the surface for the new finish. This removes any old coatings on the furniture, debris, rust, and dirt and also creates a surface for the powder coating to adhere to. After preparing the surface, the furniture is hung up and cleaned off with compressed air to create a dust-free surface.

When the furniture is fully prepared for refinishing, it is coated in the coating booth and then baked in the oven, going back and forth between the two several times. This creates a unique barrier that will resist Houston’s hot and humid weather and ensure the longevity of your outdoor patio furniture. Another benefit of outdoor patio furniture refinishing in Houston is choosing the color. Powder coating offers many colors both classic and bright. If you want simple and neutral go classic, if you want eclectic and unique go bright!

Anodized aluminum is aluminum that has gone through an electro-chemical process that produces a thicker and more corrosion-resistant barrier. Pieces of aluminum are submerged in an acid solution while an electrical current passes through the bath. This causes an aluminum oxide film to develop on the surface of the aluminum substrate. This film is extremely durable and seen as an extra level of protection for aluminum much like the galvanization (zinc) safeguards steel.

Powder Coating Anodized Aluminum is a simple process, as limited surface preparation is required for the aluminum to properly receive the powder. The reason is that anodized surfaces are porous and therefore require only a smaller amount of prep. An acetone wipe-down and light sanding will be more than sufficient in creating the proper anchor profiles. Due to the corrosion-resistant aluminum oxide as well as the super-durable polyester powder coat, these aluminum pieces will retain gloss levels longer, stand up to abrasion and scuffs, and withstand corrosion much better than bare aluminum. Powder Coating Anodized Aluminum is an optimal double coating system that will elongate the lifespan of these time materials.

Anodized Architectural Powder Coating is a method of powder coating aluminum that does not require electro-chemical anodizing of the extruded substrate. The American Architectural Manufacturers Association (or AAMA for short) 2603 is an interior application that does not need to meet color retention guidelines of AAMA 2604/2605. It is cost effective, but if used outside does not have good color retention and is likely to chalk. AAMA 2604 is an intermediary coating that contains 50% fluoropolymer resin. This anodized powder coating is great for storefronts, doors and windows, and other high traffic areas. These coatings do not require a clear coat and can be applied in a single pass.  In addition to color and gloss retention, AAMA 2604 coatings are hard and abrasion resistant.

Polyester powder coating technology has been around since the 1970s and accounts for 30-45 percent of powder coating product sales globally. There are two main categories of polyester powder coatings used in the industry today: TGIC (an acronym for the chemical compound curing agent it uses, triglycidyl isocyanurate), and HAA. HAA polyester powder coating uses β-hydroxyalkyl amides as its curing agent and is often called TGIC-free or Primid polyester powder coating after the brand of curative used in most HAA powder coatings. While both categories of polyester powder coatings perform relatively similarly, there are some pros and cons that can tilt a company toward one or the other. 

TGIC coatings typically offer better chemical resistance and corrosion resistance than their TGIC-free counterpart. The HAA curing mechanism can release water, which makes the coating slightly more water soluble than TGIC-polyester. Because of its slight water-solubility, HAA coatings are more susceptible to acidic and alkaline chemicals. All of this makes HAA-polyester less corrosion resistant than TGIC-polyester.  However, with different formulations, a Primid polyester coating can perform on par with TGIC. When it comes to impact and abrasion resistance, flexibility, and hardness, TGIC and TGIC-free polyester powder coatings are the same. 

For application and curing, TGIC-polyester cures at a lower temperature than HAA-polyester (roughly 290 degrees Fahrenheit and 330 degrees Fahrenheit respectively). Many companies find HAA-polyester applies more easily and sticks to nooks and crannies better than TGIC-polyester. Thickness of application varies greatly between the two, with TGIC-polyester coating able to reach about 10 mils (250 microns) thickness and HAA-polyester coating reaching 3.5 – 4.0 mils (90-100 microns) thickness. When it comes to color stability, TGIC-polyester comes out ahead. HAA-polyester can yellow in color in overbake conditions, while TGIC-polyester has very little color drift over a wide range of cure times and temperatures. 

With the increase of environmental regulations making solvent-based corrosion protection expensive and complicated to apply and dispose of, protective powder coatings such as zinc-rich primers offer premium corrosion protection without harming the environment. Zinc-rich primers are considered sacrificial coatings, a subset of protective powder coatings meant to dramatically slow down the process of corrosion if the top layer is damaged. This makes them the perfect coating for steel in highly corrosive environments. Zinc-rich primers are great for use in marine, tanker, or underground environments, all of which are considered immersive environments.

There are two types of zinc-rich primers: inorganic and organic. Organic zinc-rich primers are primers that use binders such as epoxy, polyurethane, or alkyd, etc. More commonly used for highly corrosive environments on oil rig platforms, chemical plants, and more, organic zinc-rich primers require a top-coat to be long-lasting.   

Inorganic zinc-rich primers do not require top-coats in more mild atmospheric environments and provide better galvanic protection overall.  Inorganic zinc-rich primers usually use only silicate as a binder and is applied as a powder using the blast method on “white” metal, metals that are light-colored alloys. This is the type of zinc-rich primer Houston Powder Coaters uses.

Negligible VOCs

When it comes to environmentally friendly coatings, powder coating is at the top of the list.  The largest difference between powder and industrial wet paint is the presence of volatile organic compounds (or VOCs for short).  VOCs, like one found in wet paint applications, are harmful to the environment as they dry and as they age.  Furthermore, they can create health problems for people who are exposed to them on a repetitive basis. Eco-friendly coatings such as powder and FBE coatings do not require an extensive exhaust system to the outdoors like their wet paint counterparts and are generally considered non-toxic and breathable. The application of powder coatings produces negligible VOCs and does not contribute to air pollution.

Less Hazardous Waste

There are various protective metal coatings in Houston available for industrial, commercial, and architectural applications. We offer two main options at Houston Powder Coaters.

The powder coating industry makes up around 15% of the market for protective metal coatings in Houston. It was first introduced in the 1960s in North America, and over the decades has become the go-to protective finish for many different industries whose needs are vast.  Powder coatings require no solvents like liquid paints and coatings, so they emit almost no volatile organic compounds, or VOCs for short.  Without a liquid solvent the powder coating can be applied more thickly as it is not susceptible to sags like its liquid counterparts. With their low environmental impact, myriad of colors, and near infinite catalog of uses, protective metal coatings in Houston are in high demand.

Fusion-bonded epoxy coating, or FBE coating for short, is a type of protective metal coating typically used to protect steel pipes used in pipeline construction, rebar, valves, and more from corrosion. On the interior of the pipes, a phenolic primer is used as an anti-corrosive basecoat that is resistant to oxygenated atmospheres but also carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane, brine, and petroleum distillates.  After the primer comes the FBE, and with that the interior is done. On the exterior, the phenolic primer step is skipped, instead FBE is applied and then a fusion-bonded polyester finishes the exterior for a superior protective metal coating.

The process of powder coating lends a durable, long-lasting, and environmentally-friendly protection to steel surfaces. In addition to its practicality, this coating is also aesthetically pleasing due to multiple coating passes and flow technology which result in an even, bump-free finish. Importantly, the color of the actual coating is versatile as well, with a good variety of standard colors available according to the RAL powder coating color charts and the associated standards, as well as custom or non-standard formulations to match hard-to-reproduce colors.

In many cases, protective coatings must match a very specific existing color. This may be due to the necessity of matching pre-existing surfaces, strict brand standards, or cases where color is used to communicate safety information in a hazardous environment. In many circumstances, the standard RAL powder coating color charts are sufficient for matching desired colors. Developed in Germany in 1927, the RAL color standard defines over 2,300 colors for use in powder coating applications. Such a standard is useful for both powder coating shops and customers of powder coating services because accurate reproduction is important—every application using a specific color should be indistinguishable. If a specific color is used for one job, it should be consistent with another job down the road using the same specification.

In addition to the colors specified by the RAL standard, many powder coating shops can formulate custom colors. This process, albeit timely, may be important for hard-to-match and non-standard colors due to previous jobs using unconventional colors, or the necessity of exact color matching for branding purposes.